Rhizome.org donosi nekoliko izbora kreativnih projekata u području digitalnih umjetnnosti i internetskih fenomena. Kurator je bloger Prosthetic Knowledge.
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Computational Photography
The latest in an ongoing series of themed collections of creative projects assembled by Prosthetic Knowledge. This edition brings together works dealing with computational photography, featuring new technologies which may alter the experience, relationship, and even definition of "the image."
From Multi-Sky 3D Scan Demo
The digital eye is an ubiquitous feature of current portable technology—webcams, DSLRs, mobile phones, tablets, even MP3 players. The Black Mirror-like ability to capture a moment and share it on social networks has shifted image recording from the creation of discrete analog mementos to an ongoing process of self-identification.There are, however, new possibilities opening up around the next generation of mediated experiences. Of course, the artistic possibilities are tremendous, but the implications are far greater for many fields which may be struggling with their digital upkeep. From advertising to fashion, art to pornography, the photograph will not be "flat" anymore. The image can be seen from any angle, from the swipe of a touchscreen or drag from a mouse, or explored step-by-step with a headset and motion detector. "Photoshopping" will be 3D. It is not only industry-class endeavours that will change, as depth-sensing is now smaller and portable, and could give the (word-of-the-year contender) selfie an added dimension. Will the Facebooks or Flickrs support this new format? Or will another contender arise to facilitate a new process of creative self-identification?
Admittedly, the field of computational photography has grown tremendously over the past ten years (and many academic projects in this time are nowhere near mass-market availability); it would be impossible to cover the entire range of projects in a single submission. The focus on this piece, however, is to bring attention to examples that point to some of the artistic possibilities for these emerging technologies.
A downloadable demo by Infinite Realities put together in the Unity 3D engine features high resolution 3D scans of people in a virtual environment. Incredibly realistic, and can be viewed through an Occulus Rift headset.
Below are two videos which demonstrate the demo - the first showing the demo in normal view:
You can find out more about the demo (and download it) from Infinite Realities here. It is 300Mb, and there are some server issues which could prove to be slow.
The demo can be viewed normally on your desktop or with the headset, but either way, the high resolution detail demonstrated here is amazing.
Related: Infinite Realities demo creating Muybridge-style stop motion animations of the human body in 3D.
Structure Sensor
A Kinect-like 3D sensor for mobile devices (which, incidently, successfully reached its Kickstarter target in a day):
Capture models of rooms, 3D scan objects, play augmented reality games, and develop mobile applications with 3D sensing.Here is a brief demonstration of the utility with the latest iPhone 5:
The Structure Sensor gives mobile devices the ability to capture and understand the world in three dimensions.
With the Structure Sensor attached to your mobile device, you can walk around the world and instantly capture it in a digital form. This means you can capture 3D maps of indoor spaces and have every measurement in your pocket. You can instantly capture 3D models of objects and people for import into CAD and for 3D printing. You can play mind blowing augmented reality games where the real world is your game world.
If you’re a developer, Structure gives you the ability to build mobile applications that interact with the three dimensional geometry of the real world for the very first time. You can even launch your app on the App Store!
More can be found out about the product at its Kickstarter page here and at the project's website here.
STEM System - Virtual Camera Demo
STEM System - Virtual Camera Demo
Proof-of-concept demo of tech that can turn your handheld device into a camera for virtual spaces with accurate motion detection. It potentially inspires interesting possibilities with augmented real and recreated virtual spaces (such as a gallery space?)
We created this demo of virtual camera functionality using our STEM System prototype wireless motion tracker with an iPod Touch as the display. When we add Android and iOS support for the Sixense SDK, applications like the virtual camera will be able to run natively on mobile devices, with motion tracking provided by the STEM System.More here.
3D Scanning and Printing Classic Art
PhD Student Tim Zaman takes a look at his and other projects reproducing classic fine art with contemporary 3D technology.
Here is a stop-motion video demonstrating Tim’s method of 3D capture using cameras which are commercially available:
He writes,
Here we can see a slightly yet purposely exaggerated 3D relief of a Van Gogh painting taken with this technology:We used a hybrid system using stereo vision (2 camera’s) and fringe projection (using a projector). This system gives us unrivaled detail and capture speed, capturing 40 million points per capture, each point in 3-D space (XYZ) and in full color (RGB). Multiple captures allows us to capture the Jewish Bride for instance, a work that spans 160×120 cm; giving us more than a billion XYZ/RGB points. This is all done with proprietary camera’s that anyone can buy off-the shelf.
Tim also introduces a system put together by Canon called Océ which, using Tim’s data, can physically reproduce a scanned painting including physical relief. Essentially a 3D printer for impasto:
You can read more about Tim’s work and the technology at his blog here
Total Cinema 360 Oculus Rift Player
And finally, returning to the Oculus Rift. This demo allows you to watch panoramic 360-degree videos captured through an Oculus Rift headset:
From the product description: ""The Total Cinema 360 Oculus Player allows users to watch live action omni-directional video content specifically designed for the Oculus Rift."
You can download the demo here (Mac only for now. Windows version coming October 15, 2013.), and you can try an interactive 3D video in your browser here.
Other Picks
3-Sweep. Impressive demonstration of turning 2D objects in photographs into manipulable 3D objects, using a simple 3-point method at key areas.
Salted Perception. What happens when you combine an Oculus Rift headset with a Kinect? Something trippy...
Prosthetic Knowledge Picks: Net Artist Music Videos
The latest in an ongoing series of themed collections of creative projects assembled by Prosthetic Knowledge. This edition brings together music videos by artists for whom the internet is a primary medium.
Rosa Menkman, 03: Karate aka ☵ ☲ // 010 101 // kǎn lí. GIF extract from music video for Little Scale.
The terms "net art" and "music video" are, while useful, close to becoming retronyms. With electronic technology becoming more easily available and ubiquitous, we are in a time where "new media" is not necessarily "new". As McLuhan famously punned his own phrase, "The Medium Is The Massage:" "All media work us over completely. They are so pervasive...that they leave no part of us untouched, unaffected, unaltered." This applies to the internet, which is becoming more and more familiar and available, making the boundaries and definition of Net Art less and less clear.Music videos (or at least, how music is promoted and delivered) are also changing—we are seeing more and more examples which are not necessarily traditional viewing experiences. For example: Machine Stop by Duologue, which uses WebGL to display Kinect-gathered performances which the participant can edit; Skrillex Quest, an online interactive game; works by Aaron Koblin. Maybe the word "video" is returning to one of its possible etymological origins, in which it was linked to the word "idea," and away from its more familiar definition...
Despite these shifts, though, both are still enjoyable cultural forms with plenty of creative possibilities still to be explored. In this short playlist, I bring together several works by unique creatives most often associated with Net Art applying their talents to the music video. Enjoy.
Rosa Menkman, 03: Karate aka ☵ ☲ // 010 101 // kǎn lí
Rosa Menkman is very much a familiar name within the circles of Glitch Art, a key voice and contemporary practitioner (plus a regretful omission from my last post). Here, Menkman has produced a music video for Chiptune act Little Scale, starting with a video recorded scene of nature degrading into monochrome patterns:
Lorna Mills, Money 2
Lorna Mills is a Canadian media artist who has been working with the GIF format since 2005. Having an extensive archive of online animations, Mills produces animated collages combining the humorous, the weird, and the downright WTF...her work could be described by redefining the acronym of her media of choice: Gratuitous Internet Filth.
Money 2 is a collaboration with Yoshi Sodeoka who created the music. It's part of an online collaborative project called "Plink Flojd," an artist collective posing as a band. Its members were originally inspired by the music of a certain well-known band, but now take " ... homage to the next level and make a new art form ..."
V5MT, S H /\ /\/\ /\ I X
V5MT is a Polish artist with a finely-tuned intuition for identifying visual trends and taking them in creative directions. An interest in sculptural form and unique palettes has set her apart from her contemporaries. Despite the fact that her work often circulates on Tumblr without attribution, it could be argued that her efforts have matched her peers and influenced a great number of others.
Here is her submission for the SPAMM Safari net art exhibition, providing visuals to the track 'Perseus' by Sofia Reta.
Sara Ludy, House On Fire
She has produced a piece for Plink Flojd (see above), but her latest video is for the band "Outfit":
Raquel Meyers, Dansa In
Raquel Meyers is a Spanish artist familiar in the field of audiovisual art, with a preference for older lo-fi technology. She has produced many videos related to Chiptune music, but her current medium of choice appears to be animated PETSCII, the Commodore text protocol. She has produced many visuals with her longtime collaborator GOTO80 (who produces the music), and a recent example is this pirate themed work entitled Dansa in, which in itself is a C64 executable program. The code that generates this demo, written by Johan Kotlinski, occupies only 44 kilobytes, and for "full pleasure" the makers recommend watching on a C64 and a CRT screen. THe software is available here, and a video preview below:
A collection of items from the Prosthetic Knowledge Tumblr and around the web that involve constructive distortions and creative error in 3D computer graphics.
The glitch aesthetic is now mainstream, appearing in Wreck-It Ralph, Adventure Time, Man of Steel and even Skyfall, and when we see it we immediately recognize it. What constitutes a glitch can be contradictory—some can be genuine errors, others merely noise. What they all have in common is a broken appearance interrupting, for a moment, the seamless design of human media consumption, an embrace of encryption entropism.
The pop-cultural examples listed above mostly involve two-dimentional signal errors, but the polygon glitch, in contrast with these, is more sculptural. Polygons are used to model 3D graphical environments in real time (particularly for video games), resulting in a carefully constructed realism that often breaks down momentarily, which means that polygon glitches are familiar to players and developers alike. Processing power and software availability has brought such glitches into further dimensions of visual complexity, with richer palettes and lighting. Tools that were originally designed for 3D construction and online game environments have now become interactive canvases for creative or accidental sculpture, a pseudo-Vorticism.
Below is a collection of examples which highlight this aesthetic.
A gamer who goes by the pseudonym Thos submitted these 3D distortion errors captured while playing the video game Halo 3:
More images with commentary can be found here.
Many of those interested in glitch aesthetics are familiar with the act of circuit bending—while running an electronic device (such as an old games console), apply contact to the circuitry to affect the data output (which could be audio or visual).
This has usually been put into practice with old 8-bit or 16-bit gaming consoles such as the NES and the Sega Megadrive / Genesis. Due to the technical limitations of these machines, the output comprised 2D graphics and a limited range of sounds. Up to this point, it is hard to think of an example of circuit-bending that made use of subsequent generations of gaming hardware, which were designed for 3D graphics. (Ed. — if you know of examples of 3D circuit bending, please leave them in the comments below.)
Big Pauper (Panzah Zandahz) of circuitbentvideo.com found an old SEGA Saturn, one of the first consoles to specialize in 3D gaming and sophisticated audio. With this, he started experimenting and documented the results. He writes:
Had no plans of getting in to the gaming mods. I figured it was a pretty well charted and explored field. It wasn't until I found my beloved model one Sega Saturn in grannie’s attic that I thought, "my old friend, i wonder what secrets you keep." A little internet research (not the end all be all, I know) led me to realize that there isn't much next generation gaming bends being explored out there. If there is then people aren’t posting it. Even the Playstation, seen in Goodwill stacks the world over, seems to have eluded the recent wave of electronic curiosity.
Upon opening the Saturn I found out why. It's a very complex machine with very tiny components. One would need tweezers and a microscope to get anywhere with this thing (sound familiar? hehe). That’s the problem with modern circuitry, it’s all so goddamn mini. Mini, yes, but I would argue that it's mythic there has been an increase in stability. Electronics that generate graphics will freak the f**k out if you hit 'em just right regardless of whether they are from 2011 or 1991.There are some great audio and video examples - here is my favourite, a glitchy Virtua Fighters example with crazy Ganz Graf-like reactive and unpredicatble polygons:
Z-Fighting
A collection of databent 3D interactive glitch models put together by Jeff Donaldson aka notendo, exploiting Z-plane rendering errors commonly known as "Z-fighting." (Z-fighting is most often seen when two planes occupy the same level in space, with neither in front of each other, causing them to flicker and interfere with one another.)
Above are Gun and Try, which you can play around with yourself here and here.Club Rothko — LaTurbo Avedon
These abstract polygon representations in 3D sculptural form by artist LaTurbo Avedon are part of a series of portraits of creatives and their followers based on the subjects' Facebook profile photos.
Artist's website.
46f by Mitch Posada
Posada, an artist who works with 3D modelling software, creates works with beautiful distortions and textures:
More of Posada's work can be found at his Facebook profile.
Enda O’Donoghue’s work presents a forensic interest in the medium and process of painting and an ongoing dialogue with the mediation of images through digital technology. Hovering between the realms of abstraction and representation, between the mathematical encoded and the organic, O’Donoghue’s paintings are the result of a process which is highly analytical and methodical and yet inviting of errors, misalignments and glitches. The imagery comes almost exclusively from found photographs sourced from the Internet, where O'Donoghue plays with random throw-away moments of everyday life, merging them together in various interconnected themes. In O’Donoghue’s work, the painterliness of his technique works with the disposable nature of his subjects to make the work sometimes poignant and melancholic, or alternatively brittle and harsh. His work is deeply influenced by our digital high speed reality and he transports these seemingly meaningless sound-bite images from a place of apparent futility to one that questions and searches for meaning through the transformative act of painting.
William Betts
William Betts
Houston-based artist with a background as a software executive, William Betts has created various series of works which utilize limited technological resolution recreated with acrylic.
Kon Trubkovich
Kon Trubkovich
Kon Trubkovich’s work is concerned with notions of space and memory visualization. His videos, paintings, and works on paper, often deal with the technological transfer of information, and the inherent visual aspects that occur from disruption, interference, and distortion – lines, blips, anomalies. Video transmissions are garbled, and the two-dimensional work derives from equally abstruse digital stills. Paintings and graphite drawings depicting recorded instants, which may contain recognizable elements or be completely abstract, lack identity and are unclear in content. This work refers to the randomness of analog static, but also illustrates the paradox that exists with the value and exercise of capturing a moment.
Sample from Animated GIF in 3D
A collection of examples from the Prosthetic Knowledge Tumblr archive and around the web on experiments which take the familiar animated GIF format and take it out of its 2D origins.
This has been a good year for the Animated GIF— not only has it reached its 25th birthday, it has also become America's word of the year according to Oxford Dictionaries USA. It has been one of the internet's most creative canvases since it's availability, whether it has been employed in early homegrown HTML pages, to communities such as B3ta, YTMND, 4Chan and others. From it's continued popularity, some creatives have explored ways to take the animated GIF into new contexts. Here are a few examples:
GIFPumper
This has been a good year for the Animated GIF— not only has it reached its 25th birthday, it has also become America's word of the year according to Oxford Dictionaries USA. It has been one of the internet's most creative canvases since it's availability, whether it has been employed in early homegrown HTML pages, to communities such as B3ta, YTMND, 4Chan and others. From it's continued popularity, some creatives have explored ways to take the animated GIF into new contexts. Here are a few examples:
GIFPumper
An online creative project by Slava Balasanov that allows you to create a page and position animated GIFs but arrange them in 3D space:
Interactive Communal 3D Image Collage Platform
Gifpumper combines elements of a social media site, blogging platform and virtual world into a single tool for collaborative creation online. Users can create 3d pages composed of 2d media elements (text, images, video, music) by rotating and positioning them in the XYZ coordinate plane.
All changes are broadcast in real-time to anyone else viewing the page. Users can interact with one another by adding, deleting and moving elements. The resulting pages can also be used as a blog or a personal website with a custom url. Standard social-media features are present as well in the form of a 'like' button, recent activity feed and profile pages. At any given moment users can see 'active pages' on the main site indicating presence of others.
Here is a video from FADERTV interviewing the artist and this piece.All changes are broadcast in real-time to anyone else viewing the page. Users can interact with one another by adding, deleting and moving elements. The resulting pages can also be used as a blog or a personal website with a custom url. Standard social-media features are present as well in the form of a 'like' button, recent activity feed and profile pages. At any given moment users can see 'active pages' on the main site indicating presence of others.
The project has been around for a year, with entries ranging from the creative to the absurd, yet successfully takes a Net Art staple and takes it to a creative and involving new area.
Animated GIF in 3D
A WebGL and three.js online experiment from clicktorelease allows you to drag an animated GIF file into the browser window, which then displays the frames spacially. The piece is interactive, allowing you to view the GIF from various angles. Some GIF work better than others (mainly reminiscent of lenticular animated rulers from school days), but it does surprise how well certain GIFs 'break' from their 2D restrictions.
You can try it out here.
[PK Link]
GIF 3D Gallery
Fun experimental web project by akihiko taniguchi where you can place an animated GIF onto a 3D plinth in a virtual gallery room which you can move around with the keyboard. You will need the URL of the GIF to be able to view it here (you cannot upload a file, but there are plenty around Tumblr and the web to try out).
Try it out here
PK Link
GLGif
Try it out here
PK Link
GLGif
Should you want to make your own, the code is available at GitHub here
Prosthetic Knowledge Picks: Internet Coolhunting
A collection of examples where pop culture was clearly inspired by smaller creative activities on the web (with some people not necessarily happy about it). With online chatter regarding the performance by Rihanna on Saturday Night Live and it's adoption to the net-art 'Seapunk' style, it's worth knowing that the mixed reaction is not an isolated occasion. Marketers employ 'coolhunters' to look out for interesting small cultural developments to make their artist's seem 'fresh' and ahead of the game, an activity that has been happening since the early 1990s, which was a key subject in William Gibson's 2003 novel Pattern Recognition. It is now becoming more apparent in our more modern technological age — here are some of the better known examples:
Chiptune / Timbaland
Chiptunes, the lo-fi music associated with soundchips of old computers and gaming consoles, started to make their way into contemporary music with one piece eventually leading to a file for infringement, the Timberland-produced 'Do It' for Nelly Furtado:
Compare this to "Acidjazzed Evening" by Tempest/Damage
For a much more clearer comparison, the Demoscene documentary by Moleman breifly compares and contrasts the two songs.
According to Wikipedia:
In August 2007, an action for infringement was filed in the District Court of Helsinki against Universal Music, Ltd alleging Nelly Furtado's song "Do It" infringed "Acid Jazz Evening". In January 2009, after a trial that included multiple expert and technical witnesses, a three judge panel unanimously dismissed the plaintiff's case.
On December 17, 2008, Abbott also testified as a witness of prosecution in the Helsinki court in Gallefoss' case against Universal Music Finland. The Finnish court reportedly threw out the case after ruling in only one aspects of the three claims (sampling, performance rights, producer rights), and the case remains in appellate court, as of January 2010.
On June 12, 2009, Mikko Välimäki, who is one of the legal counsels of Kernel Records, the owner of the sound recording rights, reported that the case had been filed in Florida. On June 7, 2011 the case of Kernel Records Oy v. Mosley ended with the court deciding that Kernel Records had failed to register for copyright in the USA.
Jeremy Scott's Fall 2012 collection featured many references to the internet and 90's culture. In an article written by Emma Orlow for Refinery29, she explains her thoughts on the collection's connection to the many Tumblr blogs which document this style:
Jeremy says that his collection was inspired by the Internet, which is evident in his emoticon and mouse-clicker prints, but looking at the pieces was also a lot like looking at my Tumblr dashboard: girls with Kool Aid hair, bindis, and chain nose rings.
Still, I think there is something to be said about the “coincidence” of Jeremy calling upon the influences of his '90s Gwen Stefani-worshipping club days and today’s Tumblr girls who have been re-appropriating these very images of bindis, Unicorns on Acid, Lisa Frank, The Simpsons, and Kool-Aid hair on the Internet for years now.
I've blogged about Grace Miceli before, but Grace is a really rad artist who is inspired by Internet culture, and even has her own online art collective called Art Baby Gallery. A year ago, she posted a video on her Vimeo page called, "Alien Grooves 2," which features her friend sticking Lisa Frank stickers on her chest, quite similar to the Lisa Frank sticker bustier Jeremy Scott made this season. She seemed to agree, "It feels a little strange to see an older man commodify certain imagery, especially Lisa Frank's, which does have strong meanings for a girl who grew up in the nineties."
(Full article.) Still, I think there is something to be said about the “coincidence” of Jeremy calling upon the influences of his '90s Gwen Stefani-worshipping club days and today’s Tumblr girls who have been re-appropriating these very images of bindis, Unicorns on Acid, Lisa Frank, The Simpsons, and Kool-Aid hair on the Internet for years now.
I've blogged about Grace Miceli before, but Grace is a really rad artist who is inspired by Internet culture, and even has her own online art collective called Art Baby Gallery. A year ago, she posted a video on her Vimeo page called, "Alien Grooves 2," which features her friend sticking Lisa Frank stickers on her chest, quite similar to the Lisa Frank sticker bustier Jeremy Scott made this season. She seemed to agree, "It feels a little strange to see an older man commodify certain imagery, especially Lisa Frank's, which does have strong meanings for a girl who grew up in the nineties."
Paul B Davis "Datamoshing" Technique / Kanye West
Gallery photographs of Intentional Computing (via Seventeen Gallery)
Davis was one of the few artists exploring and practising the technique of 'Datamoshing', a method which plays with video compression which creates distortions with forms and colour with the moving images. Then, in the lead-up to a forthcoming show with works employing this method, he started receiving emails:
'I woke up one morning in March to a flood of emails telling me to look at some video on YouTube. Seconds later saw I Kanye West strutting around in a field of digital glitches that looked exactly like my work. It fucked my show up...the very language I was using to critique pop content from the outside was now itself a mainstream cultural reference.'
The video in question was Kanye West's 'Welcome To Heartbreak' video:
The show was subsequently renamed 'DEFINE YOUR TERMS (OR KANYE WEST FUCKED UP MY SHOW)'
Here is a video from the Creators Project interviewing the artist, which explores his work and discusses the Kanye West incident (as well as, ironically, showing a project where he was using footage from music videos featuring Rhianna and The Cranberries).
A Stroke of Genuis - Freelance Hellraiser / RCA
In 2001, a scene emerged experimenting with pop music, combining hyrbids of songs that become known as mashups or bootlegs. This scene was around before the internet with DJs making this kind of music, but with limited distribution.
The track, at one point, received a cease-and-desist letter from the company RCA (the label which manage both artists concerned). A 'legal' version of the track was brought about, but thanks to the complete forgetfulness of the effort, no online reference can be found of it.However, the producer has gone on to better things - he eventually went on to remix a track for Aguilera, and work with Paul McCartney (wikipedia link). In the UK, the song was considered the song of the decade by the English newspaper The Guardian.
Prosthetic Knowledge Picks: Web Toys
Uncomposed (after Titian after Giorgione) by Georgie Roxby Smith [GIF by PK]
A collection of items from the Prosthetic Knowledge Tumblr archive and around the web, looking at a Fine Art archetype today.
Uncomposed (after Titian after Giorgione) by Georgie Roxby Smith
Uncomposed (after Titian after Giorgione) from Georgie Roxby Smith on Vimeo.
Renaissance art piece composed as contemporary New Media machinima, a 21st Century Venus
3D machinima, video, found image, found sound
Made specifically for Composite at Gallery One Three Uncomposed (after Titian after Giogione) deconstructs Giorgione’s Sleeping Venus, itself a composite, the landscape and sky being completed by Titian following Giogione’s death in 1510. The work was a landmark of its era, reflecting a new shift in modern art with the inclusion of a female nude at its centre. Employing three-dimensional computer graphics and elements of Giorgione’s original masterpiece, Roxby Smith replaces his stylised renaissance figure with a fantasised digital body transplanted into an augmented hyper real landscape. In the likeness of her present day artist, the 21st Century Venus will not lie still for her voyeurs, obstinately returning the male gaze from her new digital paradigm, Sleeping Venus awakes.
Machina by Claudia Hart
"Machina" (2008) by Claudia Hart from bitforms gallery on Vimeo.
“Machina” is a 3D animation portraying the compressed time and space of painting, shows a dreaming character whose slow, drowsy movements articulate all of the minutia of a single moment. “Machina” uses the most advanced techniques of virtual reality simulation, and a series of animations that result in a representation that is sensual and organic. Occasionally, Machina opens her eyes to gaze at the viewer, in a moment of transformation, allowing the object of our gaze to subject us to hers. Based loosely on works such as Titian′s Venus and paintings by the Baroque artist Peter Paul Rubens, “Machina” is meant to introduce sensuality into the virtual realm by employing an idea of beauty as defined by a woman.
Video Link | PK Link
Love Is All by Alejandro Gómez-Arias
While the Odalisque / Venus is a serious genre in Art, it has been said to also be a circumnavigational way to provide fantasy and titillation to patrons. In this piece, we have the first known example of pornography developed with the Kinect camera. It is surprising that (to the best of my knowledge) the technology has not been used to create pieces to explore the human form, so for better or worse this is the only known example to date. The video was uploaded two weeks ago, but has since been removed. Here are some animated GIFs of the piece:
PK Link
Eye-tracking Fine Art: Odalisque a la culotte grise (Matisse), and the proposal of the “opsieme”
Jean Paul Courchia proposes the idea of the “opsieme”, a visual unit equivalent to the ‘phoneme’ and ‘graphemes’ used to deconstruct sounds and text:
According to cognitive neuroscientist Stanislas Dehaene, recognizing letters and their combinations — called graphemes — and then creating an interface between what’s written and what’s articulated (phonological awareness) is the way to gain access to the lexicon that we use to communicate. If we indeed pay attention to the basic elements that compose the written sentence, we find letters, syllables and words. However, the smallest significant element of the sentence is probably the grapheme, since the whole understanding process derives from it. The grapheme is the written equivalent of the oral phoneme. It is comprised of the smallest group of letters making a phoneme. For example, in French, the phoneme [o] has several graphemes : o, au, and eau. Unlike a letter, a grapheme represents better the phonology of a language, or what a language sounds like. The French language counts 130 graphemes.
Does this same concept apply to a painting or an image ? Just like in the reading process, the image undergoes several mutations between the retina and the sensory areas of the cerebral cortex, whereby the basic components of the image (forms, colors, orientation of the lines) are dissected first and then transmitted to the visual areas. It is only then that the image is reconstructed, and that it will be confronted against other known representations that are stored in our memory for an identification of the present image. Dismantling, reassembly and identification are the three steps in the process of the visual representation, whether artistic or natural …
… Fixation can be equated with the time necessary to identify the smallest significant visual unit in an image. Just as a phoneme is the smallest articulated unit, and a grapheme is the smallest written unit, we suggest opsieme as a designation for the smallest significant visual unit : « opsie » – from the Greek ops, opsis, which means eye, vision and « eme », suffix which signifies basic unit.
You can read the whole piece here | PK LinkDoes this same concept apply to a painting or an image ? Just like in the reading process, the image undergoes several mutations between the retina and the sensory areas of the cerebral cortex, whereby the basic components of the image (forms, colors, orientation of the lines) are dissected first and then transmitted to the visual areas. It is only then that the image is reconstructed, and that it will be confronted against other known representations that are stored in our memory for an identification of the present image. Dismantling, reassembly and identification are the three steps in the process of the visual representation, whether artistic or natural …
… Fixation can be equated with the time necessary to identify the smallest significant visual unit in an image. Just as a phoneme is the smallest articulated unit, and a grapheme is the smallest written unit, we suggest opsieme as a designation for the smallest significant visual unit : « opsie » – from the Greek ops, opsis, which means eye, vision and « eme », suffix which signifies basic unit.
Prosthetic Knowledge Picks: Computer Graphics & Art 1976 - 1978
A brief look at a short-lived American quarterly publication, which gives a little insight into the practice of art with computers in the 1970's. While a product of its time, there are some places with resonances to the practice of today.
May 1976, Vol.1, No 2 - In The Beginning:
An overview from the publication's editor and computer artist Grace Hertlein, writing about the three phases of computer art - past, (at time) present, and the future.
NCC '76 Art Exhibition - New York City (Pages 10 - 17)
A good primer of artists of the time.
Computer In - Analogue Out
Examples of the use of computers to create work in physical form.
Using a computer to design murals for a subway station:
Computer programming textile patterns:
Computer design for a painting:
And lastly, some examples of Generative Art
If you want to check the range of publications out, they are available in PDF form at Comparts.
Recording of a talk by Jason Scott (creator of textfiles.com) from NOTACON 2004 discusses the history of computing and creativity.
DJ Food - Raiding The 20th Century
DJ Food's classic mix from 2004 curates and documents the growth of 'The Cut-Up' (also known as bootlegs or mash-ups), forming a creative alternative world of popular music. It also features spoken audio from Paul Morley, critic and former member of the Art of Noise and ZTT Records, reading from his book 'Words and Music: the history of pop in the shape of a city.'
Tracklist on DJ Food's website. (PK link.)
Dreams - Delia Derbyshire and Barry Bermange
Narrations of recollected dreams recorded and collaged with the distinct audio style of BBC Radiophonic Workshop musician Delia Derbyshire:
"Dreams" was made in collaboration with Barry Bermange (who originally recorded the narrations). Bermange put together The Dreams (1964), a collage of people describing their dreams, set to a background of electronic sound. Dreams is a collection of spliced/reassembled interviews with people describing their dreams, particularly recurring elements. The program of sounds and voices attempts to represent, in five movements, some sensations of dreaming: running away, falling, landscape, underwater, and colour
Embedded above is the fourth track in the collection, called 'Sea' (PK link.)
Antique Electronic / Synthesizer Greats 1955 - 1984 Part 1 by Fluorescent Grey
A creative mix using samples of electronic music spanning between 1955 to 1984 into something contemporary:
A comprehensive mix of electronic and synthesizer music music from 1955 - 1984. This recording features 100% plundered antique electronic music samples from tapes, vinyl records, MP3s, Flacs, CDs, DVDs and VHS tapes. No sounds contained herein are sourced elsewhere. The only alterations made were for mixing and mastering purposes.
Other notables:
- The Beat Oracle - "Slowly Edition": Contemporary electronic music podcast produces an atmospheric auditory mix experience of slow, otherworldly ambience. Here is the latest.
- Low Light Mixes: Regular mixtapes with a theme, usually around science and space
Glitch Embroidery by Nukeme
Clothing with embroidered logos whose sewing machine file has been purposefully corrupted, creating glitched outputs:
CLO 3D
South Korean 3D CAD software developed specifically for industry-class clothing design:
CLO 3D is Easy-to-Use 3D Apparel CAD, enables you to design, to view 3D samples in real-time and to communicate easily with partners. It is possible to create a virtual sample photo-realistically within 1 hour using your 2D pattern. You can send 3D clothing data in network to colleagues, and it�ll enable you to communicate effectively with your team members across the globe. You can view in real-time the impromptu changes in patterns, designs, colors, fabric design with others
[PK Link]Netstyles
Limited edition T-Shirts designed by net artists:
Triangulation Blog has an interview with Netstyles' creator, Stirling Crispin:
What is the idea behind Netstyles? How did this project come to your mind and when did you start it? Where you inspired by the bad smelling boy tumblr or other artists?
Netstyles is a digital aesthetics fashion line which translates virtual art into physical form. The clothes act as hyperlinks in physical space to emerging concepts developing in contemporary culture. I launched Netstyles on February 6th of 2012 but had been researching and doing tests since at least August of 2011. Many artists working today have adopted a post-internet sensibility and create far more digital objects than physical objects. Netstyl.es was created to provide a common platform for contemporary artists to experiment with, and make physical what would otherwise remain as digital forms. Bad Smelling Boy and Body By Body were two influences, both of which are included in the new Netstyles release.
[PK Link] Kayla MattesFashion and textiles artist who uses the 1990's and the internet as her inspiration:
Kayla Mattes is a textile artist and designer, based in Los Angeles, CA. She received her BFA in Textiles from RISD (Rhode Island School of Design) in 2011. Her quirky and innovative fabrics, knitwear and prints tend to focus on the relationship between pop-culture trends and technology of the past and present.
Artist's website[PK Link]
CONTINUUM - Computational Couture
Part fashion label, part experimental design lab:
Continuum Fashion is Mary Huang and Jenna Fizel. We use digital technologies to create distinctive bespoke design.
D Dress Online Designer 
A collection of items from the Prosthetic Knowledge Tumblr archive and around the web, around the theme of 'Digital Graffiti'
SWEZA
Berlin-based street artist uses QR Codes in his work, such as his Graffyard project, which is part archive, part graffiti work which accesses photographs of removed graffiti:
I am using QR Codes to preserve graffiti for posterity by photographing the graffiti before it is removed. After the graffiti has been cleaned off by the local authorities or building owners i place a QR Code in the exact location which resolves to an image of the original. In that way a mobile phone with a QR-Code Reader can be used to travel back in time.
Video of artist
Artist's Website
Facadeprinter
Project invovles machine which creates images on walls by firing accurately firing paintballs onto the surface:
PK LinkThe Facadeprinter is a simple robot. Its purpose: shooting out large scale graphics onto walls. Calculating movements based on digital artwork, software controlled motors position an airpressure-marker to fire thousands of colorballs and print the work on a distant surface. The artwork grows dot by dot, like the drawing of a magic pen. An inkjet-printer in architectonical dimensions.
Project Website
Free Art Technology
F.A.T. have produced various projects merging graffiti with new technologies, such as:
QR Code Stenciler
" ... a free, fully-automated utility which converts QR codes into vector-based stencil patterns suitable for laser-cutting ... "
PK Link
Project Page
Graffiti Markup Language
Graffiti Markup Language (.gml) is a universal, XML based, open file format designed to store graffiti motion data (x and y coordinates and time). The format is designed to maximize readability and ease of implementation, even for hobbyist programmers, artists and graffiti writers. Popular applications currently implementing GML include Graffiti Analysis and EyeWriter. Beyond storing data, a main goal of GML is to spark interest surrounding the importance (and fun) of open data and introduce open source collaborations to new communities. GML is intended to be a simple bridge between ink and code, promoting collaborations between graffiti writers and hackers. GML is today’s new digital standard for tomorrow’s vandals.
Project Website
KATSU tags over Picasso’s “Girl before a mirror” at the museum of modern art in New York City using F.A.T.'s iPhone Tagging app. PK Link
Time Writer
KATSU tags over Picasso’s “Girl before a mirror” at the museum of modern art in New York City using F.A.T.'s iPhone Tagging app. PK Link
Time Writer
Project by Olivier van Herpt features a large bar with computer-operated paint nozzles works sprays texts as the user moves across besides the surface.
Space Invader Walk In San Diego
THE SPACE INVADER WALK (TRAILER) by extermitent
Parisian street artist Invader placed 21 of his works around the area, the path itself created an Invader sprite.
PK Link: All posts tagged 'Graffiti' ...
Kubo-Oktaeder, 1971 by Ludwig Rase + Georg Nees
A collection of items from the Prosthetic Knowledge Tumblr archive and around the web, focusing on a collection of European artists who since the 1960's have independently been creating art with the computer, and in 1995, became known as 'Algorists'.
Below are five artists picked with accompanying animated gifs of their work. For a more expansive investigation, check out the links at the end of the piece:
Definition of an Algorist:
if (creation && object of art && algorithm && one's own algorithm) {
include * an algorist
} elseif (!creation || !object of art || !algorithm || !one's own algorithm) {
exclude * not an algorist
}
Herbert W. Franke
Herbert W. Franke is a physicist, science fiction writer, artist, curator, author of theoretical books and essays, and speleologist (cave researcher). Of interest in the current context are his contributions to digital art. He started this work in the mid-1950s when he used oscilloscope and camera to generate patterns of groups of continuous lines (“analog” graphics). He first exhibited these in 1956, only a few years after Ben F. Laposky had experimented in a similar way.
Soon after first algorithmicly generated graphics had been exhibited in galleries in Stuttgart and New York (in 1965), Franke became interested in digital technology. He published the first comprehensive history of computer art in 1971 (Computergrafik – Computerkunst. München: Bruckmann, later by Springer Verlag, there also an English translation). Franke has written innumerable essays on computer art and related subjects. He has organized numerous exhibitions, and lectured worldwide on the subject. Since the early 1970s, he has contributed a comprehensive work of digital art. Some of his programs were written in collaboration with others.
[Via Compart]Soon after first algorithmicly generated graphics had been exhibited in galleries in Stuttgart and New York (in 1965), Franke became interested in digital technology. He published the first comprehensive history of computer art in 1971 (Computergrafik – Computerkunst. München: Bruckmann, later by Springer Verlag, there also an English translation). Franke has written innumerable essays on computer art and related subjects. He has organized numerous exhibitions, and lectured worldwide on the subject. Since the early 1970s, he has contributed a comprehensive work of digital art. Some of his programs were written in collaboration with others.
An overview of the artist's work can be found at his old website (English / German)
A video interview with the artist can be found at Gasathj
An overview of his original 1959 exhibition can be found at Experimentelle Ästhetik
Manfred Mohr
Une Esthétique Programmée - 1971 (samples)
Born 1938-06-08 in Pforzheim, Germany.
One of the great names of algorithmic art. His work is most distinguished by its radically rational construction in ever increasing complexity.
Mohr’s career starts as a jazz improvisor on the saxophone. The lines and timbres of music have accompanied him after he had discovered the computer as the instrument he needed for the realization of his ideas. He wanted to generate complex and surprising images that would have a totally clear and transparent underlying structure. The algorithm is exactly the means to do this. In the algorithm he describes the totally determined structure that, when executed with the inclusion of pseudo-random numbers, surprises in all its detail. Step by step through his work phases, Mohr has explored more of the multidimensional cube. However, the cube and hypercube do not interest him as mathematical objects. He uses them as his source of visual complexity. In his absolute dedication to the idea of the rationalistically determined experiment, Mohr is comparable to Josef Albers, the researcher of the interaction of color.
Mohr’s career starts as a jazz improvisor on the saxophone. The lines and timbres of music have accompanied him after he had discovered the computer as the instrument he needed for the realization of his ideas. He wanted to generate complex and surprising images that would have a totally clear and transparent underlying structure. The algorithm is exactly the means to do this. In the algorithm he describes the totally determined structure that, when executed with the inclusion of pseudo-random numbers, surprises in all its detail. Step by step through his work phases, Mohr has explored more of the multidimensional cube. However, the cube and hypercube do not interest him as mathematical objects. He uses them as his source of visual complexity. In his absolute dedication to the idea of the rationalistically determined experiment, Mohr is comparable to Josef Albers, the researcher of the interaction of color.
[via Compart]
Artist's website
Scans of complete catalogue of his 1971 exhibition "Manfred Mohr Computer Graphics - Une Esthétique Programmée" at the ARC - Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris
Information of his retrospective show at the Bitforms gallery: and videos
Vera Molnar
Various - 1989-92
Born 1924-01-05 in Budapest, Hungary.
Vera Molnar belongs to the famous early computer artists. She started as a simple painter at the age of twelve. Her first subject matter were nymphs and trees. She soon progressed to more geometrical themes. In 1968 she started working with computers. Her work during this period focused on the breakup of repeating units, often expressed as a series of increasingly fractured images. [Source]
Examples of the generative art program AARON
Born 1928-05-01 in London, United Kingdom.
Harold Cohen is a British artist who has lived in California since 1968. His major interest has always been color. However, for several decades he also concentrated on the representation problem: How little effort in lines does it take to generate an image that people can easily recognize as representing something specific? In the early 1960s, Cohen had already been successful as a painter—convincingly demonstrated by his participation in the Venice Biennale 1966, as one of five representatives of the UK. In 1968 he came into close contact with the computer’s capabilities.... During the 1970s, he constructed computer-controlled drawing machines. They controlled a “Turtle” moving on the floor. Different from the MIT Turtle Cohen’s device moved by spinning two wheels at different speeds, which resulted in very smooth curves. The Turtle, via a sonar navigation system, even knew where it was on the drawing—a feature necessary to control the device on an area of three by nine meters.
Cohen’s program, now called AARON, made its first public appearances at the Los Angeles County Museum in 1972, and the La Jolla Museum in 1973. For these occasions AARONcontrolled hand-built flatbed plotters. The Turtle first went on display at documenta VI at Kassel, Germany in 1977.
Cohen developed AARON into an enormously powerful and complex rule-based system. In the 1990s, the drawing machines were replaced by painting machines (now in the permanent collection of the Museum of Computing History in Mountainview, CA.). Typical subject matters were portraits of “imagined” people, as well as still-lifes. [Via Compart]
Artist's website
History of AARON
Roman Verostko
Algorithmic Pen Drawing, 1987
Extracts from a demonstration video
Extracts from a demonstration video
Born 1929 in Western Pennsylvania, USA.
Roman Verostko, maintains an experimental studio in Minneapolis where he has developed original algorithmic procedures for creating his art. Active as an exhibiting artist since 1963, his earliest use of electronics consisted of synchronized audio-visual programs dating from 1967-68.A painter in his early life, he also studied as a Benedictine monk. Since the early 1980s Roman Verostko has been producing work that involves the use of code in its production. Aware of the awesome power of algorithmic procedure he began experimenting with code and exhibited his first coded art programs in the early 1980’s. In 1987 he modified his software with interactive routines to drive paint brushes mounted on a pen plotter’s drawing arm.
[via Compart]
Artist's website
His 2012 essay on The Algorists
Other links:
- Several videos of interviews with Algorist artists, uploaded by zerominusno
- German video that looks at the work of Georg Nees
- Compart's definition of the Algorists
Prosthetic Knowledge Picks: Plants
A collection of items from the Prosthetic Knowledge Tumblr archive and around the web, around the theme of 'Plants'
Above: Tree Studies by Nicolas Sasson
Plant-In City
Art installation merges gardening and technology, creating Arduino-powered frames with sensors for plants to be monitored, and interacted with via smartphone app. From the project’s Kickstarter page:
We’re creating a space where a community who loves architecture, technology and plants can meet. Our mission is to integrate these disciplines into a new paradigm that changes the way we live and interact with nature. We believe that interacting with plants will improve our lives.[Project Page | PK Link]
Plant-in City taps into the natural systems that foster plant life to give the plants themselves a voice. This revolutionary planter system contains built-in sensors that are activated by sun exposure, changes in soil moisture, humidity, temperature, and other natural cycles. Once activated, these sensors translate the environmental data into sounds or visuals, creating an imaginary vibrant wilderness.
Data Garden Quartet
A recording of abstract ambient IDM created with a band made up of living tropical plants. Sensors were placed onto the plant leaves to detect conductive biorhythms in real-time. You can hear the whole recorded piece, with spoken introduction, below:
Electric Ikebana
Corporate net-art work is an audio / visual 3D HTML5 generative piece put together by Douglas Coupland and Paul Humphries for Alcatel-Lucent. Each viewing creates a unique colourful polygon flower and vase decorated with data particles, together with a lullaby referencing Claude Shannon's 1948 paper on Information Theory.
[link | PK Link]@JarroseLaPlante
Project connects Twitter to a plant watering system - send a tweet mentioning the account name, and a few drops of water will be given to the plant. There is a webcam to see the process happen
[Project page | PK Link ]
Binh Danh
Vietnamese-born artist uses leaves as photographic paper, creating ‘chlorophyll printing’.
In ‘Ancestral Altars’, there are photographic portraits of those that suffered at the hands of the Khmer Rouge. In ‘Military Foliage’, the leaves display familiar military camouflage patterns.
[Artist's website | PK Link]Autumn Evening by Philip Buchanan
Winner of the Javascript 1k Demo Winner - You can see it running for yourself in your browser here
[PK]
- Wikipedia entry, featuring a broader list of artists
Prosthetic Knowledge Picks: The Female Pixel
A collection of items from the Prosthetic Knowledge Tumblr archive and around the web, around the theme of 'The Female Pixel'
Paragon Sexa Doll [Intro] by fmtownsmarty [PK]
Sheroes A monthly on-line / offline happening celebrating female pop-culture icons
Above: Examples of gif put together by Andrew Benson (Grace Jones), Haruko Hirukawa (Marianne Faithfull), Jennifer Chan (Dolly Parton), and Yoshi Sodeoka (for Grace Jones). Grace McEvoy (first event gif.) Emilie Gervais &Sarah Weis (second event gif.) Also included above are animated gifs taken at various event nights created by Lorna Mills and Tony Halmos.
"Sheroes is a monthly limited-run art party series bringing together on and offline works that playfully and performatively explore the iconography and cultures of fandom surrounding an ever-expanding "League of Legendary Ladies": Joni Mitchell, Chaka Khan, Tina Turner, Madonna, Yoko Ono, Erykah Badu, Etta James, Marianne Faithfull, Dolly Parton, Grace Jones, Dusty Springfield & more. Sheroes is presented by salonnière reeraw (Rea McNamara). Based in Toronto, the series curates specially commissioned performances, sounds,installations & visuals."
As well as the monthly happenings there is also an upcoming day-and-night SHEROES Virtual Season event at the WhipperSnapper Gallery, featuring work and performances from the year-long run as well as musicians and net-art installations.More about the Sheroes project can be found at their Tumblr Blog and their Google+ Page
Lillian Schwartz
Self Portrait
Pioneer of art created with the computer:
Lillian Schwartz is best known for her pioneering work in the use of computers for what has since become known as computer-generated art and computer-aided art analysis, including graphics, film, video, animation, special effects, Virtual Reality and Multimedia. Her work was recognized for its aesthetic success and was the first in this medium to be acquired by The Museum of Modern Art.
Her contributions in starting a new field of endeavor in the arts, art analysis, and the field of virtual reality have been recently awarded Computer-World Smithsonian Awards. Schwartz began her computer art career as an offshoot of her merger of art and technology, which culminated in the selection of her kinetic sculpture, Proxima Centauri, by The Museum of Modern Art for its epoch-making 1968 Machine Exhibition. She then expanded her work into the computer area, becoming a consultant at the AT&T Bell Laboratories, IBM’s Thomas J. Watson Research Laboratory and at Lucent Technologies Bell Labs Innovations. On her own, and with leading scientists, engineers, physicists, and psychologists, she developed effective techniques for the use of the computer in film and animation.
Her contributions in starting a new field of endeavor in the arts, art analysis, and the field of virtual reality have been recently awarded Computer-World Smithsonian Awards. Schwartz began her computer art career as an offshoot of her merger of art and technology, which culminated in the selection of her kinetic sculpture, Proxima Centauri, by The Museum of Modern Art for its epoch-making 1968 Machine Exhibition. She then expanded her work into the computer area, becoming a consultant at the AT&T Bell Laboratories, IBM’s Thomas J. Watson Research Laboratory and at Lucent Technologies Bell Labs Innovations. On her own, and with leading scientists, engineers, physicists, and psychologists, she developed effective techniques for the use of the computer in film and animation.
Short video documentary of her work [PK]
Jovi Xu
Chinese pixel artist whose works deal with subject matter than can be dark, surreal, and kinky.
Jovi's blog [PK]
Retrato de Fabiana (Potrait of Fabiana) by Waldemar Cordeiro
Created in 1970, a digital image of a young girl, " ... the artist zoomed in on an area of the girl's face, losing the original reference and revealing the basic elements that construct the image ..."
Via leonardo.info
Reorganized Pixels
Two creatives who have experimented with images of the female form, shifting the values of pixel units to create something new.
V5MT:
V5MT Blog | Flickr Set
Christian Zander
Blog | [PK]
Other Notables:
- FM Towns Marty: Tumblr blog that captures scenes from Japanese adventure video games, many that comprise of female characters / protagonists.
- FEMICOM: An online resource documenting female characters from old computer games, put together by Rachel Weil aka Part Time! Hexcellent! [PK]
- Girls of C64: An online archive of Commodore 64 software pornography, NSFW and in many cases terrible sexual 'comedy'. [PK]
- Eye by Gijs Gieske - Chiptune video performance using female model images in a modded Nintendo Gameboy controller [video link] [PK]
Prosthetic Knowledge Picks: Television
X1795 by Max Capacity
A collection of items from the Prosthetic Knowledge Tumblr archive, around the theme of 'Television'
de/Rastra by Kyle Evans
An old television set is converted into a live performance instrument, an oscillographic synthesizer which "... allows a performer to generate visualizations intrinsic to cathode ray tube technology while simultaneously creating the acoustic analog of the displayed imagery ... " Project Home Page (PK)
LG Plasma Arc Display Panel - Burn Baby Burn
A burned-out Plasma television, applied with excessive voltage, displays a slow yet spectacular visual disintegration which would make Gustav Metzger proud. (PK)
fuba_recorder
Japanese automated glitch image project, running since January 2009, creates random images from mixing various Japanese television feeds and uploads the results to it's Flickr account.
"I am a robot for generating abstract-images of Japanese TV programs requested by my followers"
Flickr / Twitter @fuba_recorder
1001 TV Sets (End Piece) Installation by David Hall at the Ambika P3 Gallery, London. Using television sets of various ages, all were running up to the 18th April which was the switch-off point for analogue television signals in the UK.
Here is a video from the University of Westminster of the piece - wait till the 2 minute 19 mark (PK)
Television Test Cards From Around The World
A Russian Livejournal entry from 2009 features a collection of television tuning displays (unnecessary for modern televisions) from around the world, which we can now appreciate for their geometric aesthetics.
More (in Russian) here. (PK)
Other Notables:
1001 TV Sets (End Piece) Installation by David Hall at the Ambika P3 Gallery, London. Using television sets of various ages, all were running up to the 18th April which was the switch-off point for analogue television signals in the UK.
Here is a video from the University of Westminster of the piece - wait till the 2 minute 19 mark (PK)
Television Test Cards From Around The World
A Russian Livejournal entry from 2009 features a collection of television tuning displays (unnecessary for modern televisions) from around the world, which we can now appreciate for their geometric aesthetics.
More (in Russian) here. (PK)
Other Notables:
- Enough Already: An Arduino-powered solution to block celebrities, based on recognizing names fed through the closed-captions
- GIF TV
- Understanding 9/11 - A Television News Archive: Coverage from around the world, via the Internet Archive:
- Max Capacity - Closed Caption: Photographic captures of peculiar out-of-context television subtitles
- Starring The Computer: A website dedicated to the use of computers in film and television
- Rhizome review of "Remote Control" at ICA in London
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