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World Dream Atlas.
The World’s Largest Clairvoyance Experiment Has Begun
By Roc Morin
Hunter Lee Soik. Photo by the author
Icelanders call it Berdreymin—the ability to see the future in dreams. On my travels collecting dreams from around the world, clairvoyance has been one of the most persistent themes. I've met Ukrainians in Donbass who report having dreamed about the war before it began, New Yorkers who recounted dreams of plane crashes and smoke-filled rooms on the morning of 9/11, and people across the globe who claim to have foreseen the deaths of loved ones.
Historically, there has never been a scientifically rigorous way to evaluate these experiences. Still, clairvoyance and other forms of ESP have been taken seriously enough that both the KGB and CIA had extensive Cold War Era programs. More recent experiments into the phenomena have yielded inconsistent results. Skeptics commonly cite false-memory research to dismiss believers, while supporters often blame unfavorable results on unrealistic laboratory settings.
A new app called Shadow is poised to answer skeptics and believers alike. The app records dreams (which you submit upon waking) and enters them into a massive database, allowing thousands of the time-stamped transcripts to be searched by keyword. Clairvoyance could be identified through specific keyword spikes before major events. While the app was first envisioned as an introspection tool for the Quantified Self Movement, it may end up finally answering a fundamental question about the nature of consciousness. I met with Hunter Lee Soik, the 33-year-old visionary behind Shadow—a man seeking to predict the future by creating it.
VICE: What was your original goal for Shadow?
Hunter Lee Soik: The first goal was to just give people a mirror to look at their own subconscious data and say, "Oh, I didn't even realize it was doing that. I didn't even realize I was worried about these things." The goal is to bring some of these subconscious issues into the conscious mind where they can be addressed.
How has that process played out for you?
Well, I was adopted, and I've gone through a lot of things. I know what pain feels like. I know what loss of identity feels like. I went through all of that, and I came out on the other side, and now everything is awesome. We all have that one thing we have to deal with, and it's not something that can be suppressed. When you suppress something, it always comes out in some weird way. You have to address it, get past it, and move on to the critical question of, "Why am I here?"
How did your issues show up in your dreams?
If we talk about that, some things will have to be off the record.
Is there a meaningful dream that you can talk about?
Well, in one, I died—well, I don't know if was really dead, but I had gone somewhere else. I had this glimpse of some sort of other world. And, when I woke up, I was sad because I had to come back.
What was the world like?
It was the most religious thing I've been through, without being really religious—more spiritual than religious. But it had all the underpinnings of the typical religious story. I had the feeling of tumbling, and felt like I was going into some sort of underground negative world. Then I remember coming back up on this conveyor belt and seeing light. [In the dream] I attached God to that concept, and made that the reality.
It's remarkable how often mystical concepts appear in dreams. When I first heard about Shadow, it struck me as a massive experiment about collective unconsciousness.
Could be. I mean, what happens if we can start looking at precognitive dreams, and say, "Oh there are actually correlations that are happening in real time." If we had this data back during 9/11, we could point to a time-stamped audio file describing the dream that predates the actual event. So, how could you then refute that kind of hard data? But, then what happens, when that reality becomes the reality? It's kind of like Schrodinger's Cat. What kind of loop happens there?
What have you found so far?
We have a very small user base right now of 9,000, so we don't have a large enough dataset. But there is something to be said about media content going into dream consciousness. I could be completely unaware of what's happening in the news, but I would know what the top trending things are because they come up in the dreams: ISIS, Ebola, Robin Williams.
What's your ultimate aim now for the app?
Ultimately, we want to use technology to make people more human. Dreams are a perfect way to start. The idea is, if someone can trust us with their dreams, then they're likely to trust us with other important aspects of their lives. And what I mean by that is if you walk 10,000 steps in a day, do you fall asleep faster? Do you record more positive dreams? Does the mattress you sleep on make a difference? Right now, technologies are providing a tremendous amount of service, but the business psychology is wrong. [Corporations are] on an ad-based revenue model, so they have a lot of data about you which they don't share with you. They can use it to manipulate you.
What's the alternative?
I think there's a sunrise on a new paradigm where we use data intelligently to help people live better and find better products.
And you're giving the data back to the people who generate it?
Absolutely. And you're helping people use the data to make connections. Who else is dreaming what you're dreaming, for example? I really believe a lot in quantum field mechanics. And I believe that a lot of the science jargon [means] simply: If you're happy, and you hang out with someone, you make them happy, and they make someone else happy. That's what I believe it's all about.
Follow Roc's latest project collecting dreams from around the globe at World Dream Atlas.
The Man Behind New App Shadow Wants To Quantify Our Dreams
Hunter Lee Soik is taking the quantified-self movement to bed. Can he change the way the world thinks about dreaming?
Hunter Lee Soik
has a vegan shake called Phood for breakfast and lunch every day. He
has no computer, just an iPhone and an iPad, and conducts business while
walking everywhere, sending out emails as he paces around parks. Soik
lives out of temporarily rented homes in Berlin, San Francisco, New
York, or Los Angeles—often found via Airbnb—and wears only black: five
odor-resistant Nike T-shirts and three pairs of Levi's, which he washes
by hand and air-dries.
Soik, 32, tracks a wide assortment of personal data, including what he eats, where he travels, his pulse, the number of footsteps he takes, and how many calories he burns. But a few years ago, he realized that one aspect of his life was going unmonitored: his dreams. He started wondering if dreaming might be connected to the other quantified-self data that he monitors so closely—and if it would be possible to keep track of his dreams with a mobile app.
So Soik, who previously worked as a freelance creative director for clients such as Kanye West and Italian Vogue, created an app to do just that. Shadow: Community of Dreamers, crowdfinanced with $82,500 raised on Kickstarter and set for wide release in July, wakes people up with an alarm, prompts them to anonymously describe their dreams, and beams those reports into a massive online set, where they can be searched and analyzed. Dreams are coded for age, sex, location, and time, allowing researchers to find population norms—assuming enough people participate. "If we want to make the world's largest database of dreams," says Soik, "we need the world on our side."
Just as apps such as Fitbit, Weight Mate, and Sleep Cycle may overturn assumptions about health, insurance, and preventive care, Shadow's developers are betting that their "mood barometer" can disrupt how we consider mental health. "I think dreaming serves as an emotional mirror," says Kelly Bulkeley, a dream researcher and adviser to Shadow. "If you give me enough dream samples, I can tell you what are the major emotional issues and relationships in your waking life."
Dream research may sound like shamanism, but scientists are spending serious money and time on it. This year, a Japanese team decoded dream traits from brain activity during sleep, and researchers have linked dream content with learning, emotional processing, and creative insight. Scientists now know a lot about the how of dreaming, but the question remains why. People typically spend one to two hours a night in REM sleep, when most dreaming occurs. That adds up to five years of dreaming during the average lifetime. Given how much energy humans burn nightly on dreaming, many scientists believe these hallucinations probably have significance. One obvious possibility is that dreaming relates to mood. Studies have shown that traumatic events do affect dreams: The types of dreams somebody has after getting a divorce can predict whether they will later need antidepressant drugs, and following 9/11 dreams across the U.S. showed increased similarity to post-traumatic-stress-disorder nightmares, even when they didn't include obvious connections such as airplanes or tall buildings.
Shadow is designed to capture those sorts of trends on a broad scale. "The numbers [of online dream reports after 9/11] were nowhere near as high as Shadow will be able to collect and not as systematic, not as international," says Deirdre Barrett, a clinical psychologist at Harvard Medical School who's working with Shadow as an adviser. "For major world events—natural disasters, political events—it will be interesting."
One of Shadow's primary goals is to create a dream database that will help determine norms. How often does the average person have nightmares versus someone with depression? Do children dream differently from adults? How do dreams change after a trauma? And if dream change precedes medical issues such as depression, could dreams be used to diagnose problems before they strike?
Not everyone embraces this sort of thinking. Dreams are hot in science, but they've fallen out of fashion in psychiatry. Sigmund Freud's dream-interpretation and sex-focused theories of childhood trauma and repression have mostly given way to biochemical hypotheses of mental disorders. In his book The Dreaming Brain, Harvard dream researcher and psychiatrist J. Allan Hobson makes the argument—supported by many psychiatrists—that dreams are completely random, triggered by neural firing in the brain stem. And even some psychologists who embrace dreams as part of the therapy process aren't keen on Shadow's approach. "The problem is the notion of coding dreams for meaning," says Sherry Turkle, a psychologist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "There is not a 'dream key' that links particular words to particular meanings. It is a problem if you take the complicated work of dream [interpretation], dependent on the patient's associations, and turn it into an algorithm."
But to the extent that people's emotional lives can be quantified, Shadow offers a potentially higher-resolution and objective snapshot of mental life. If dreams could somehow be related to mental health, why not track them with the machines we keep near our bodies all the time? "What we want to do on a psychology level," Soik says, "is create the 'understood self.' If I walk 10,000 steps, does my pulse go faster? Do I record more positive dreams? The goal is to see patterns in the data—and to use that visualization to raise more awareness of yourself."
Soik, 32, tracks a wide assortment of personal data, including what he eats, where he travels, his pulse, the number of footsteps he takes, and how many calories he burns. But a few years ago, he realized that one aspect of his life was going unmonitored: his dreams. He started wondering if dreaming might be connected to the other quantified-self data that he monitors so closely—and if it would be possible to keep track of his dreams with a mobile app.
So Soik, who previously worked as a freelance creative director for clients such as Kanye West and Italian Vogue, created an app to do just that. Shadow: Community of Dreamers, crowdfinanced with $82,500 raised on Kickstarter and set for wide release in July, wakes people up with an alarm, prompts them to anonymously describe their dreams, and beams those reports into a massive online set, where they can be searched and analyzed. Dreams are coded for age, sex, location, and time, allowing researchers to find population norms—assuming enough people participate. "If we want to make the world's largest database of dreams," says Soik, "we need the world on our side."
Just as apps such as Fitbit, Weight Mate, and Sleep Cycle may overturn assumptions about health, insurance, and preventive care, Shadow's developers are betting that their "mood barometer" can disrupt how we consider mental health. "I think dreaming serves as an emotional mirror," says Kelly Bulkeley, a dream researcher and adviser to Shadow. "If you give me enough dream samples, I can tell you what are the major emotional issues and relationships in your waking life."
Dream research may sound like shamanism, but scientists are spending serious money and time on it. This year, a Japanese team decoded dream traits from brain activity during sleep, and researchers have linked dream content with learning, emotional processing, and creative insight. Scientists now know a lot about the how of dreaming, but the question remains why. People typically spend one to two hours a night in REM sleep, when most dreaming occurs. That adds up to five years of dreaming during the average lifetime. Given how much energy humans burn nightly on dreaming, many scientists believe these hallucinations probably have significance. One obvious possibility is that dreaming relates to mood. Studies have shown that traumatic events do affect dreams: The types of dreams somebody has after getting a divorce can predict whether they will later need antidepressant drugs, and following 9/11 dreams across the U.S. showed increased similarity to post-traumatic-stress-disorder nightmares, even when they didn't include obvious connections such as airplanes or tall buildings.
Shadow is designed to capture those sorts of trends on a broad scale. "The numbers [of online dream reports after 9/11] were nowhere near as high as Shadow will be able to collect and not as systematic, not as international," says Deirdre Barrett, a clinical psychologist at Harvard Medical School who's working with Shadow as an adviser. "For major world events—natural disasters, political events—it will be interesting."
One of Shadow's primary goals is to create a dream database that will help determine norms. How often does the average person have nightmares versus someone with depression? Do children dream differently from adults? How do dreams change after a trauma? And if dream change precedes medical issues such as depression, could dreams be used to diagnose problems before they strike?
Not everyone embraces this sort of thinking. Dreams are hot in science, but they've fallen out of fashion in psychiatry. Sigmund Freud's dream-interpretation and sex-focused theories of childhood trauma and repression have mostly given way to biochemical hypotheses of mental disorders. In his book The Dreaming Brain, Harvard dream researcher and psychiatrist J. Allan Hobson makes the argument—supported by many psychiatrists—that dreams are completely random, triggered by neural firing in the brain stem. And even some psychologists who embrace dreams as part of the therapy process aren't keen on Shadow's approach. "The problem is the notion of coding dreams for meaning," says Sherry Turkle, a psychologist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "There is not a 'dream key' that links particular words to particular meanings. It is a problem if you take the complicated work of dream [interpretation], dependent on the patient's associations, and turn it into an algorithm."
But to the extent that people's emotional lives can be quantified, Shadow offers a potentially higher-resolution and objective snapshot of mental life. If dreams could somehow be related to mental health, why not track them with the machines we keep near our bodies all the time? "What we want to do on a psychology level," Soik says, "is create the 'understood self.' If I walk 10,000 steps, does my pulse go faster? Do I record more positive dreams? The goal is to see patterns in the data—and to use that visualization to raise more awareness of yourself."
[Photo by Marcus Gaab]
Dreaming up SHADOW: An Interview with Designer hunter lee soik
About a year ago, hunter lee soik cold-called me and said he wants to build a new dream app called SHADOW that could not only make it easy to record dreams, but also share them socially in order to create a massive global dream database. To be honest, I have heard a lot about this kind of idea in the past, and so far hadnt been all that impressed with whats available.
As hunter talked about how he came to find his dreams after years of neglect, I was drawn in by his authenticity. Later, I learned that he has some distinctive business experience that gives his idea a real chance to make a difference in the world. For starters, he combines an interest in technology and fashion and has designed experiences for some major artists and brands, including Stella McCartney, Art Basel as well as Kanye West and Jay-Zs Watch the Throne tour. Hes also formed the Wardenclyffe Institute, an innovation consulting group that forms brief networks to solve problems. I realized that Hunter might actually be able to pull off this project; in fact, I dont know anyone else who could.
So, SHADOW is a concept that just started its initial crowdfunding stage. Once built, it will be a smart alarm clock app that helps users remember and record their dreams and in the process, build what could be the worlds largest searchable database of dream content.
As a dream researcher, the potential here makes me a little giddy. Thats primarily why I signed up to help hunter as a dream expert and advisor. This week I sent him some questions in my role as a regular contributor to Reality Sandwich, to dig deeper into his vision for this app and what it could do for the worlds dreamers and visionaries.
Ryan Hurd: hunter, your resume is really intense. Personally Im wowed with your history of working with brand experience for performers like Jay-Z and Kanye. Your latest project, SHADOW, in contrast must make your entrepreneurial friends do a double-take and say WTF dreams, really? Whats the story behind this project?
hunter lee soik: The idea for SHADOW was sort of a byproduct of designing brand experiences. I loved that workits incredibly stimulating. But its also a 24/7 kind of job, and I rarely slept. So when I finished up my work with the Watch the Throne tour, I decided to take a break. And I did what most people do when they suddenly have a huge amount of free time: I slept. A lot. It had been years since I was sleeping deeply, hitting those REM states where the real dream magic happens, and now suddenly I was having all these incredible dreams, and I wanted to remember them. I checked out the apps, but nothing really spoke to me. They didnt look how I wanted them to look, or function how I wanted them to function. I wanted a more social experience. So I decided to make one.
When you got some rest and your dreaming came back, what were your dreams like? How specifically did your dream experiencesgood or badrelate to your creative process that has led to the idea of SHADOW?
They were really inspirational, which has always been the case with the dreams I remember. What was different this time was that I was paying attention to them. And I quickly realized that I didnt even have a way to capture my dream experiences on a pragmatic level, let alone interpret them. So the idea of SHADOW is to be a platform for gathering and sorting through the data. Once its built, Ill be going through the process of understanding and interpreting my dreams on a deeper level alongside the rest of the SHADOW community.
How has remembering and sharing your dreams personally improved your life?
Its allowed me to identify short and long term patterns in my life, which has opened up a lot of different avenues for self-knowledge. For one, I taught myself to lucid dream. Its amazing what a little bit of attention can yield. At this point, Im lucid dreaming about 10% of the time. Before I started this project, I wasnt really thinking about my dreams or how I might use them; now Im able to.
Was there a particular dream that catalyzed your idea for SHADOW?
The dream that sparked the idea is the one Ive been using in the alpha version of the app. You can listen to it here. Its about me going to a party at the Reichstag in Berlin, and being told by the doorman that its a private party, and I can only get in if I find Michael Jordan. So I wander the streets, find Michael, and we head into the party together, to find it decorated with a bunch of 3D holograms of his most famous dunks. This seems like a typical dream, with a loose narrative united by a bunch of different random things from my life. But when I looked at it deeper, it was bringing different pieces of my life together. Things Id experienced earlier that day with bigger moments about access and transparency. There were a lot of layers there, and I really liked wading through them.
Nice. I love how dreams that start out looking random reveal themselves to have deeper levels. But how does keeping track of your dreams fit in with the Quantified Self movement? Collecting dreams arent like counting calories or measuring the miles youve run today theyre so personal, and subjective.
Right now, Quantified Self is all about measurement: using new forms of technology to collect data on different areas of your life. But the movement to use data to better understand ourselves really has three parts: technology, psychology and biology. QS has really mastered the technology part, but hasn’t yet moved onto the other two. That’s where SHADOW lives.
Can you elaborate?
We want to bridge the gap between technology and psychology, to jumpstart that natural evolution from quantified self to understood self. So the big question is: what do we do with this data? How does it help our lives? What we decided was actually pretty simple: to scale it, we need to move beyond individuals and build a community. To make our dream data meaningful, we need to be able to contextualize it with data from other people.
I like that. So its not just about making a personal data dump, but creating community that also results in personal illumination as well as collective patterns thats something you dont often hear about in the digital era when it comes to apps and devices.
Yeah, well we have the technology to create a platform that can handle this kind of global data cloud. We’re also fortunate that we’re focusing on a data set that doesn’t even exist yet. Our subconscious minds our SHADOWare really under examined. But current dream science suggests otherwise.
Can you say more about the new science of dreams that youre hoping to employ?
We problem solve in dreams, we process our experiences, we make long-term memories, and we come up with crazy ideas. There’s a reason we call our biggest, most bombastic goals “dreams”it’s because our dreams are where this magic happens. We really believe that recognizing this potentialand being bold enough to harness itis key to our future.
Speaking of big dreams and goals, I heard that you attended a Summit Series conference, an innovation gathering for cultural creatives and innovators that meets on the side of a mountain in Utah. I also heard that you were assigned to sleep in a tent with Daniel Pinchbeck as your roommate. Did you and Daniel get to connect?
I got Daniels book 2012 from a friend back in 2006, and I was totally blown away. So fast forward to this year, Im at SUMMIT series and I see him in the crowd. And I kinda froze, I always wanted to meet and tell him I admired his work (keep in mind I never freeze; I spent a decade working in fashion and luxury goods and never missed a beat). There was never really a good opportunity for me to say hello. When I got back to my room that night, my roommate was already asleep. The second day was much of the same, we didnt get a chance to talk, and I was asleep by the time my roommate came home. As it turns out, that roommate was Daniel Pinchbeck. I didnt know it at the time, cause it was pitch black in the tent.
And the next morning, you look over, and there he is. So did you ever get a chance to tell Daniel you admire his work?
Yeah, I did. Thing like this are always reminding me how extraordinary the universe is.
Many Reality Sandwich fans are fascinated by and involved with projects that support the concept that a change in global consciousness can ensure a better, more sustainable future. How do you think SHADOWand working with dreams in generalcan be part of this shift?
When we remove the barriers of reality, when our mind can really wander, we start to push the boundaries of our own potential. Over that last few centuries, our culture has advanced at such a rapid rate that weve accelerated some really wicked problems, problems like climate change and income disparity that seem insurmountable. But our technology has also advanced, and weve never been more prepared to tackle them. To do it, though, well need to come together and dream big. Thats where SHADOW can help. By helping people recall and spread those wild ideas they have without the constraints of normal rational awareness, we can unlock some important insights.
Love it. Not that rational awareness is useless, we dont want to throw it away, but that other ways of thinking can be just as vital to our lives, like dreams, visions, creative fugues, etc, and can make way for radical change.
Exactly. Ideas of that magnitude almost always sound crazy at first, and our world needs more of them.
Thanks Hunter. Good luck with the Kickstarter campaign. And good dreaming!
Thank you Ryan!
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World Dream Atlas
World Dream Atlas is an index of dreams
from around the globe gathered by Roc Morin. The goal is to collect
dreams from every country on earth.
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